Pruning Trees

There are plenty of trees that go their whole lives without ever being pruned, of course, but pruning can certainly be beneficial depending on the type of tree, its condition, and your specific goals. Some trees can be pruned easily with regular garden tools, but larger jobs may need the assistance of a professional to do it safely and correctly.
Why and When Do Trees Need To Be Pruned?
Removing dead or dying branches has several important benefits for trees. First, unhealthy branches consume energy that could otherwise be used by the tree to create new growth. If there are diseased branches on your tree, it is often easier and more effective to remove those affected branches rather than trying to treat the disease. Dead or damaged branches also run the risk of falling off and damaging property or even an unlucky person who might be walking below.
Removing some branches also helps with air circulation and sunlight exposure for the rest of the tree, making it healthier overall. It can help keep the tree to a manageable size, and improve the appearance of the tree by keeping it compact and well-shaped. Finally, pruning fruit trees encourages fruit production the following year.
You can prune off dead or damaged branches at any time of year, but choose a day without precipitation or high humidity since fungus can be spread by moisture in the air, causing disease. For other types of pruning, late winter or early spring is generally the best time of year as it reduces the risk of infection and disease, and allows the tree to put out lots of vigorous growth in spring.
Steps to Pruning a Tree
  • icon_number_1@3x Decide where to cut. You need to have a plan in order to correctly plot and decide what tools to use. You may want to mark the branches with a string or tape so you don’t forget your plan midway through.
  • icon_number_2@3x Gather your tools. If there are just a few small branches to prune, you might be fine with a set of pruning shears or loppers. For a larger job, a pole saw is the better option. Be sure to also have eye protection, gloves, and protective clothing to avoid injury.
  • icon_number_3@3x Identify the branch collar. The branch collar is a thickened area where the base of a branch meets the trunk. The best way to prune a branch is to cut next to the branch collar without damaging it. This allows the wound to callus over properly, protecting the tree from insects and disease. To prune partial branches, make your cut just below a node.
  • icon_number_4@3x Cut at a 45-degree angle. Cutting at a downward angle prevents water from collecting on the stump, which can cause rot. Be sure to cut only the branch, without damaging the trunk.
After pruning, clean up the waste that has been removed. If the tree was diseased, dispose of the branches in the garbage. Healthy yard waste can be repurposed for mulch or used in compost.