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An Introduction to RHS Chelsea Flower Show

It’s the jewel in the Royal Horticultural Society’s crown and it’s run almost every summer for over a century. Learn why the Chelsea Flower Show is the largest and most celebrated horticultural event in the world.

Visit London during a certain week in May, and you’ll be there at the right time to visit what’s known as the Great Spring Show – the Royal Horticultural Society’s Chelsea Flower Show. This spectacular celebration of all things floral and growing is a staple of the British horticultural calendar.

It takes place in the scenic, historic grounds of the Royal Hospital Chelsea and attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors each year—including members of the British royal family! At this remarkable event, gardeners and plant lovers can see the best flowers and exhibitions, learn tips and tricks for their own gardens, and get an exclusive look at new products and tools.

The Best Of the Best

Every year, the finest gardeners enter their plants, vegetables, herbs, photography and floral arrangements to win prestigious awards. Thirteen special awards are on offer ever year, and judges also award medals in five categories:

Flora for floral exhibits and gardens
Hogg for trees
Knightian for herbs and vegetables
Lindley for educational or scientific contributions
Grenfell for celebrating pictures, photographs, and floristry

Medals come in four classes: gold, silver-gilt, silver and bronze. Winning a coveted RHS medal is an achievement that anyone can be proud of. Even the humblest of vegetables can be displayed in its most perfect shape and color, and perhaps be a winner. A simple parsnip can be elevated to a first prize art form!

Another big draw is the garden design category. You don’t even have to be a professional to throw your hat into the ring. Anyone can apply to build a garden, and if their idea is original, interesting and will spark conversation, their entry may be selected to go on display. Indoor or outdoor, rock garden or floral, from the fanciest and rarest plants, to the most common shrubs: everything is represented in this feast for the eyes. Visitors love to walk around these gardens and get inspiration for their own green spaces.

It is said that Queen Elizabeth II loves the show so much that she has only missed it twelve times. The Duchess of Cambridge seems to feel the same way: in 2019 she designed a community garden for the show.

Weird and Wonderful

If you’re wondering how anybody could get excited about plants year after year, consider this: the Chelsea Flower Show is famous for its special exhibitions, which showcase cutting-edge gardens and technologies. In 2011, Diarmuid Gavin presented his Irish Sky Garden, which is entirely suspended in the air. In 1993, Julie Toll won best garden for her seaside garden, which was planted on sand dunes instead of traditional soil. And in 2016, 50,000 people crocheted 300,000 poppies to create an amazing display that covered 2,000 square meters of the Royal Hospital Chelsea grounds. Every year, something new and incredible shocks and delights visitors.

The show is a great opportunity for plant breeders to launch new cultivars. People are always excited to see new colors of old favorites, or cultivars that might be hardier or more reliable in their own gardens. Historical garden buffs have also revived many older, heritage species with a display at the Chelsea Flower Show. There are fashions and trends in gardening as in anything else. You’d be surprised by how many gardening fashions are started at the Chelsea Flower Show. For example, in 1968 a huge display of hostas made them a suddenly-popular garden choice, even though previously they had been considered rather old-fashioned and boring.

Gardening With a Purpose

When given the opportunity to present a garden or exhibition at the Chelsea Flower Show, many people over the years have decided to spotlight an important social or ecological issue. Take, for instance, a 1967 entry which was called the first garden for disabled people. The Royal Horticultural Society themselves have tried to stay with the times, too, banning ecologically damaging products and making space for children, community organizations, people with disabilities and prisoners to create gardens.

Keeping Calm and Carrying On

In its whole 108-year history, this trailblazing show has been cancelled only four times: in 1917, 1918, and during the Second World War when the land was needed by the War Office. In 1947, the show came roaring back, a much-needed spot of beauty and national heritage. The success of the show even at the end of wartime should tell you a lot about how much people in Britain and internationally love this horticultural event.

How to Select a Design Style for Your Garden

As is the case with many types of design, landscape design includes many different stylistic options. As a gardener, you should be aware of the options at your disposal. After exploring a few of the most popular design styles, you will be ready to transform your garden.

Sifting through the multitude of garden design styles can be a daunting task. With so many stylistic options available, the idea of settling on one becomes overwhelming for even the most experienced designer. To make matters more manageable for you, we’ve created this article to help you find the right style for your landscape.

The Importance of Design Intent

Let’s start by discussing why it is crucial to have a design style in mind. While some people are quick to begin making changes to their landscape without an overarching goal, having a clear design intent is a much better approach. You can always make changes to your design as you work through your project. But if you have a vision of your final product, it will act as a roadmap for your work. A solidified design intent also helps to ensure that your landscape design will be cohesive and appealing when you are finished.

Understand Exiting Styles

One of the best ways to narrow down the design styles that apply to your yard is to evaluate the existing styles on your property. The most prominent structure you should consider is your house and any other buildings on your property. However, you may also have some existing garden features that belong to a particular design style. Do your best to match your new landscape design style to the styles that already exist on your lot. This will prevent any incongruities between what you will add and what is already there. The end result will be a unified design style that is present throughout your property.

Consider the Local Environment

Plants are one of the most vital elements of any landscape design. And every plant has a distinct set of growing requirements. You’ll need to keep those requirements in mind as you browse different design styles. Occasionally you may find that the style you desire is not appropriate for the region in which you live. For example, if you try to create a tropical garden in an area with frigid winter temperatures, you are unlikely to meet success. That is why it is so essential to understand your local environment and the plants and design styles that are suitable for that environment.

Follow Your Personal Taste

After you get an idea of the existing styles on your property and the potential limitations of your region, it is time to match your landscape design style to your personal taste. This is often one of the most enjoyable aspects of planning a garden or landscape design. After all, you will be the person to look at and use your landscape most often, so you should strive to create something that is enticing to you.

A Few Common Garden Design Styles

To help you find what is right for you, we have included brief descriptions of some of the most popular garden styles. There are many more styles out there, but this selection will give you a glimpse into what you might be able to achieve in your yard. Read on to become familiar with each style and determine your preference.

Formal Garden

Formal gardens are all about order. They usually feature straight lines and right angles. These gardens need a lot of maintenance to keep their appearance pristine. This maintenance can include regular pruning and trimming to preserve the ideal shape of your plants.

Cottage Garden

Cottage gardens tend to be informal and full of many different types of plants. These can include bold flowers as well as herbs and vegetables. The result is a garden that is useful, inviting, and bursting with color.

Japanese Garden

Japanese gardens are places of peace. These areas are meant for meditation and often include well-manicured trees, mosses, and step-stone paths. Japanese gardens can appear whimsical, but they usually follow a strict set of traditional design principles to achieve their iconic look.

Modern/Minimalist Garden

Modern gardens often emphasize simplicity. That simplicity can come in the form of a limited plant pallet or a set of carefully selected materials. Minimalist gardens often make use of regular shapes to create straightforward forms, with contrast coming in the form of texture and color. The end result is a striking and stylish garden design.

Mediterranean Garden

This garden style is ideal for anyone who lives where the weather is consistently how and relatively dry. Mediterranean gardens are home to plants that love those conditions. These gardens usually have patio spaces and walkways and attention-grabbing garden elements such as pergolas and clay pots.

Pollinator Garden

If you love the sight of butterflies and birds, a pollinator garden is what your yard needs. These gardens typically have astounding flowers that will attract your eye and the attention of pollinator species. Creating a pollinator garden can be extremely rewarding as well. Not only will you love the appearance of such a garden, but you can also have some peace of mind knowing that you are doing your part to help the natural world.

Naturalistic Garden

Naturalistic gardens mimic the environment in which they exist. Whether you live in a woodland, a desert, or anywhere in between, taking cues from nature is what will allow you to design one of the gardens. The benefit of this approach is that your garden will flow naturally with its surroundings. This is also an opportunity to plant native species to support regional ecosystems.

Kitchen Garden

A kitchen garden is the garden of choice for any avid cook. If you have dreamed of picking fresh produce and herbs to use in your culinary adventures, this garden style will make that dream come true. The key to creating a great kitchen garden is to locate it close to your house for easy access and to fill the garden with your favorite ingredients.

Low-Maintenance Garden

For some, the best garden is one that calls for the least garden work. While there is no such thing as a no-maintenance garden, there is a garden style that will keep maintenance low. Low-maintenance gardens include plants that thrive without your attention. They also feature materials such as gravel that are easy to maintain with little to no effort.

How to Install a Pond in Your Garden Area

While a garden pond is an enticing idea to many, building such a feature calls for you to follow a distinct set of steps. Each step is vital to the health and success of your pond. This article will give you clear insight into each part of the process.

Many people dream of having an impressive water feature in their garden. One of the best ways to achieve that vision is to install a pond in your yard. Ponds can be both highly attractive, and they can do their part to support the local ecosystem. Reaping those two rewards will only come about if you are able to successfully plan and install your garden pond. This article will serve as a guide to help you do just that. Read on to learn about the steps you will need to take to add a pond to your garden area.

Plan the Size, Shape, and Location of Your Pond

Installing a pond in your yard requires some significant forethought. The first issues you’ll need to address are the size, shape, and location of your new pond. One of the best ways to determine those characteristics is to use a combination of field measurements and plan view sketch drawings.

Regarding size, you will need to evaluate the overall space you have available in your yard. As you would expect, a smaller yard will only allow a relatively small pond. Those with more acreage will have more leeway when deciding their pond’s size. Regardless of how large your yard is, your goal at this stage is to integrate your pond into your landscape without creating a conflict with any existing features.

After gaining a rough idea of how large you would like your pond to be, you can proceed to determining the exact shape and location of the pond. Ideally, you should locate your pond on a relatively flat portion of land. This will make excavation a much simpler task. You should also locate your pond near a power supply so that you can run your pump and filtration system with ease. When it comes to shape, the form you choose for your pond is partly a matter of what will work well with the unique existing features of your pond and partly a matter of personal taste.

Excavate Your Pond Safely

Now that you have figured the basics of where your pond will be and what it will generally look like, you are ready to begin excavation. But, before you do, you need to make sure it is safe to dig in the area where you intend to install your pond.

Be mindful of any utility lines that may run underground where you plan to excavate. Making contact with a powerline while digging can be extremely dangerous. So, before you dig, double-check to make sure you know what is underground.

When you are confident that you can dig safely, begin excavating in accordance with the drawing you created in the last step. Create the general shape of your pond first. Then you can fine-tune any curves later on as you see fit.

Install a Pond Liner

A pond liner is an essential component of any man-made pond. These liners play a pivotal role in maintaining the water level in your pond. Without one of these liners, your pond water would likely seep through the soil below, leading to an empty pond.

With the shape of your pond excavated, all you need to do is lay the liner on the bottom and sides of the pond. Leave some excess on either side of the pond. Then place stones on top of the liner where it overlaps with the edge of the pond. This will help keep your liner in place over the years.

Add Plants to Your Pond

Aquatic plants are a vital component of any garden pond. These plants not only add to the appearance of your pond but also help to keep the water clean and provide support for local wildlife. There are two ways that you can add plants to your new pond.

The first way to grow pond plants is with containers. You can find containers that are ideal for pond settings. Once you do, simply put your plant in that container and rest the container on top of your liner. This approach will help container the plant roots so that they do not disrupt the liner as they grow.

The other way to grow plants in your pond is to plant them in soil. If you choose this method, you should add a layer of clay soil on top of the liner. Then plant your aquatic plants in that soil. Choosing this route could lead to some root damage to the liner in the future. But on the plus side, it creates a more naturalistic look.

Install a Pond Pump and Filtration System

Plants help a lot to filter the water in your pond. But it is still a smart idea to incorporate a pond pump and filtration system. These systems can come in several different varieties, all of which serve the same fundamental purpose. Your pump and filter will keep your pond water moving so that it is harder for algae blooms to form. It can also remove a great deal of filth and particles from the water. As long as you located your pond close to a power supply, you should have no issue running your pump and filter.

Fill Your Pond

This final installation step is the easiest one. All you need to do is turn on your garden hose and fill your pond with water. As you fill the pond, check to make sure that your liner remains in place. If it does, your pond will be complete as soon as it is full of water.

Keep Up With Pond Maintenance

Our final pond tip is to stay up-to-date with all forms of pond maintenance. Ponds require a lot of care and attention, so if you are not willing to keep up with your maintenance tasks, a pond is not right for you.

Most importantly, you should clean your pond often. Removing items like dead leaves or other plant debris will discourage the formation of algae. You should also check your pump, filter, and water level regularly. Doing so will allow you to notice any issues as soon as they arise. If you follow these care tips and the steps we described for installation, you’ll get to enjoy your pond for years to come.

Choose a Stylish Container: Types and How to Use Properly

When it comes to container gardening there are so many types of pots to choose from, it can be overwhelming. In this informative guide, we delve into the different types of containers and explain how you can use them properly.

Have you ever gone to the garden store and just been overwhelmed by the number of plant containers available? If so, you aren’t alone. With so many sizes, styles, materials and prices, it might seem impossible to make a decision. Many gardeners will use all sorts of containers for their plants, from old pots and pans to galvanized buckets from the hardware store. Feeling like you don’t know where to start? Read on for everything you need to know about the most common types of containers you’ll find at the store and how to properly use them.

Plastic

You’ve likely seen tons of brightly colored plastic pots as you walk the aisle. Not only is this type of container easily available, they are usually pretty reasonably priced. As an added benefit they are also lightweight, making your life a little easier if you have to bring your plants inside on a cold night or when winter sets in. As a downside, these just aren’t as durable as some other types of containers. You will find them in all shapes, sizes and colors.

Terracotta

Chances are you are familiar with the rusty orange terracotta, or clay, plots that gardeners have been using for generations. These traditional containers are very popular pots and have a neutral color that compliments most plants. The price tag on these containers can be from the inexpensive to high priced based on the size and the brand. While some of the higher end versions are pretty durable, terracotta is known to be very brittle and easily broken as weather changes, the more inexpensive pots become even more fragile, often flaking away. These pots are porous and allow air to travel through them more easily, but this means the soil dries out more quickly and you will likely have to water the plants more frequently. Drought tolerant plants such as succulents work well in these pots.

Ceramic or Glazed

Ceramic or glazed containers have probably caught your eye in the store. They look very stylish, coming in different shapes and colors, but they do come with some issues. These containers can be really heavy and then nearly impossible to move once you add your soil and plants. Now this might be a benefit if you are placing the pot in an area that gets very strong winds or if you have a top heavy plant. With the heft of the container, it likely won’t tip over. These extra sturdy containers usually come with the highest price tag of all.

Concrete

Concrete containers are an attractive option for many gardeners. They are long lasting and very durable. Additionally, the concrete is a good insulator, keeping root temperatures steady, when the weather is not. If you are considering a concrete container, don’t plan on moving it often, if at all, especially if it is large. These hit the high end of the weight scale and adding dirt only increases the weight. Gardeners who want to add these to their balcony, should look at the structure before purchasing. If your structure doesn’t have adequate support, you could do a lot of damage and things can get dangerous.

Wood

Wooden containers are another great option for your plants. They look great on a deck or patio and are slow to dry out. They also can be left out in the colder weather and don’t crack. The main drawback for these types of planters is that they have a danger of rotting. To minimize the risk of this, consider installing a plastic liner inside, with some holes for drainage.

Other Options

When it comes to containers for your plants, the options are really endless. You can use old pots and pans, mason jars, metal cans, or even galvanized buckets from the hardware store. This can be a cost effective way to find containers for your garden, and it is a chance to show off your personality. If you are converting something into a plant container, you will need to consider drainage. Your plants need a well drained container to avoid over watering. If possible, drill or punch holes in the bottom of your container. But that isn’t always possible. We recommend not planting in containers without holes, unless you have a little experience and know exactly what the growth requirements are for the specific plant. If you still want to use the container, you can always use it as a decorative outer pot, often referred to as cachepot. The plant is actually sitting in a slightly smaller, removable inner pot that does offer drainage.

Using Your Container

Now that you know your options, the next thing you need to think about is how you are going to use your container. This means you need to think about what you are going to put in it and so much more.

The number of plants you want to add to the container really will help you determine the size you need. You don’t want to plant too much in a container or else nothing will grow that well as the plants will all be fighting for root space and resources. You might think the pot looks a little empty when you first plant in the spring, but don’t worry, they will grow and fill out the entire space. A good rule of thumb is to pick a pot that is at least one or two inches larger than size of the plant you are putting in the container.

When you select a pot make sure it allows for proper drainage. Plants don’t like to sit in water and besides that, too much water will cause mold to grow on the roots.

Choosing a container doesn’t have to be so overwhelming. With so many options you, you can find something that works for your garden plan, your decor and your personality.

Lawncare 101: Planting and Maintenance

For a lush, green lawn in summer, there are certain maintenance tips that you need to consider. Follow our expert tips to get the best lawn on your street.

How to Plant a Lawn

Choose an Appropriate Lawn Seed

First, choose a proper type of grass seed for your climate. To do this, you need to decide on whether you want annual or perennial grass seed. Annual seed grows quickly and helps establish the lawn. Perennial seed will be more permanent yet grows slower. Both types are usually available in all climates and are often combined together in seed blends.

If you live where it snows or where the ground freezes in winter, you’re better off with a mix that contained bluegrass, ryegrass and fescue. In warm or tropical climates, turfgrass is typically Bermuda, Centipede, zoysia, or Bahia grass. Tropical or warm-climate grasses are perennial yet often turn brown in winter (temperatures lower than 40º F).

Clear and Prep Space.

Establishing turf grass requires a clear canvas for the best results. Eliminate weeds, rocks, and debris from the area and amend the soil if necessary with organic matter (compost) or nutrients. Till and rake the soil to create a flat and loose soil texture.

Set Up Irrigation.

If installing an irrigation system yourself, be sure to set sprinkler heads at the proper height and install tubing or risers at the correct depth for your climate and lawn maintenance machinery. However, it is best to hire professionals to install your irrigation system due to the work involved.

Plant and Fertilize.

Depending on your climate and grass choice, you must sow the seed at the proper time or risk the seed not germinating. In cooler climates, bluegrass, ryegrass, and fescue are best sown in early spring or autumn when it is cool. In warmer climates, the more tropical grasses like Bermuda grass, centipede, and zoysia grow better in warm temperatures.

Fertility is dependent on soil acidity, which a soil test can determine. Grass grows best between 6.0 and 7.0 pH. You may need to make adjustments to the soil accordingly based on the results of your soil test. Apply compost or sulfur if your soil is too alkaline (over 7.0pH) or ground limestone if your soil proves to be too acidic (below 6.0 pH).

Use a spreader to apply grass seed and resolve not to broadcast the seed by hand. A spreader will ensure even distribution of seed, resulting in an even, clean-looking lawn without any bare spots. Always opt to sow seed late in the day or on overcast days to reduce the risk of drying out.

Cover Seed.

Rake a light coating of soil over the distributed seed to ensure that the seed is in contact with the soil. Cover sown seed lightly with a very thin layer of clean (seed-free) straw. You should still be able to see the soil through the thin layer of straw. It functions as a screen to shade the seed, reduce transpiration, and keep the seed from washing away with heavy rain.

Water Often.

Water or mist your newly sown lawn every day if you live in a hot climate. Continue watering until the lawn is at least 3 inches tall. Wait to mow the new lawn until the grass is at least 6 inches tall to encourage good root growth.

5 Tips for Lawn Maintenance

Weed Control

The best way to avoid weeds naturally and organically is to remove any weeds as soon as you spot them. Be sure to dig deep and remove the entire taproot. Save chemical treatments as a last resort. Some people choose to embrace noninvasive weeds, such as clover, as an alternative lawn.

Thatch and Aerate Annually

Take a lesson from turf managers at golf courses – thatch and aerate your lawn at least once a year. Grass grows quickly, and it spreads by forming from runners (rhizomes). Eventually, a lawn can grow too dense and thick, essentially choking itself out from nutrients. Golf courses remove about 1/4 of their grounds annually with a plug machine, but you can aerate your home lawn any number of ways.

Begin by thatching in early spring with a thatching rake to remove any dead growth. This process will invigorate the grass to begin growing again and reduce any suffocating material that might block sunlight and cause disease. Other methods for aerating include wearing aerator shoes, investing in a manual lawn aerator tool, or using a garden fork pressed into the ground every few inches.

Mow Appropriately

Perhaps the easiest way to ensure a lush green lawn is to mow it regularly and efficiently. Be sure to check the blades on your mower frequently to ensure that they are sharp and well oiled. It’s good practice to clean them off after each mow, regardless if you use a manual push mower or a fuel-powered one.

Water and Fertilize

Most lawn aficionados over-fertilize their lawns unnecessarily. If you choose to apply fertilizer, always measure accurately and use a mechanical spreader to ensure even coverage. If you plan to use a soil amendment, make sure to apply it at the proper time, such as on overcast days, in the evening, and preferably before rain is expected.

Watering properly is essential. Always soak for at least an hour or more rather than watering in random, light sprinklings so that grass can build deep root systems and thus be able to withstand an unexpected drought. However, too much water can also be a problem as it will encourage fungal growth. Always water early in the day so that water can evaporate, which keeps the foliage dry at night.

Consider New Environmentally Sound Alternatives

Monoculture lawns and lawncare that rely on pesticides and chemicals are under close scrutiny. There are many alternatives to create a beautiful lawn without creating a negative environmental impact. Innovations are now available ranging from non-grass lawn alternatives (clover sod) to electric mowers. Anyone can take steps to a more environmentally friendly lawn. Mulching mowers or hand-propelled mowers are an easy switch, and the natural clippings that fall will often provide enough nutrients for a healthy lawn for you, your family, and pets.

Weed Identification: 15 Common Unwelcome Weeds

Even with the best-laid plans, it’s hard to control your outdoor spaces. Those ideal growing conditions that you work so hard to cultivate for your landscaping plants are also fertile ground for the wild plants we call “weeds.” The following is a list of some of the most common invaders of gardens and yards.

Hairy crabgrass

Hairy crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) is a plant species that is known worldwide as a common weed. In certain circumstances, Hairy crabgrass is used as animal fodder. This grass species is extremely hardy and almost always requires a detailed control plan, as any chemicals used to eliminate it may also harm surrounding grasses.

Common plantain

While native to Europe, the Common plantain was one of the first plants to reach North America through early European explorers. Native Americans have referred to Plantago major as ‘white mans footprint’, as it disrupted many local ecosystems by its introduction.

Field bindweed

Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) is a native Eurasian plant related to morning glory. It is considered an invasive species in non-native areas because it competes with other plants for sunlight and moisture. Field bindweed is very hard to eradicate because its taproots grow so deep and its seeds can remain viable for decades.

Curly dock

Rumex crispus, commonly known as Curly dock, is a perennial plant that grows in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. It is a very adaptable plant, flourishing in a variety of different habitats including roadsides, the edges of woodlands, meadows, and shorelines. Some moth species like to lay their eggs on Curly dock leaves.

Field horsetail

Field horsetail (Equisetum arvense) grows from moist soils. In the spring it generates brown, non-photosynthetic stems whose whole purpose is to release reproductive spores. Once those stems wither, the plant grows its sterile photosynthetic stem to harvest and store energy for the next growing season. The plant fibers are slightly abrasive, and in the past were used to polish pewter and wooden objects. Ironically, Field horsetail is toxic to horses and other livestock.

Ground ivy

Ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea) is a perennial evergreen trailing plant, often found in grasslands and woodlands. Saxon peoples once spread the plant, but it has become invasive in some parts of the world now. The fast-growing Ground ivy can be toxic to horses but generally cannot harm other animals or humans.

White clover

White clover (Trifolium repens) is a perennial herb, one of the most cultivated species of clover. It can be found on lawns and grasslands all over the world. White clover is often cultivated as a forage plant and used for green manure in agriculture.

Common dandelion

Taraxacum officinale, widely known as Common dandelion is a herbaceous perennial that can be found in temperate regions all over the world, in habitats with moisty soils. The most popular feature of this plant are its fruits – furry spheres that are easily carried by the wind. Although it is generally considered a weed, Common dandelion is actually edible and very nutritious.

Common purslane

Portulaca oleracea, colloquially known as Common purslane, is an annual succulent species with reddish stems and tiny yellow, five-petal flowers. It is used for culinary purposes in various parts of the world, most often raw, in salads. Common purslane is also a good companion plant for crops that thrive in moist soils.

Poison sumac

Poison sumac (Toxicodendron vernix) is a woody shrub whose oil causes an itchy, burning rash. It’s considered more allergenic than poison ivy and poison oak. The sap from this plant is sometimes used to make a black varnish for woodworking.

Common nettle

Although the Common nettle has a variety of uses it is best known for its eponymous sting. It has sharp defensive hairs on its leaves and stems which will release pain-inducing chemicals when touched. Nevertheless, Dorset, England hosts an annual World Nettle Eating Championship, which started with a debate between two farmers over the severity of their nettle infestations. To consume them more safely, Common nettle must be thoroughly boiled.

Chameleon plant

Chameleon plant (Houttuynia cordata) is a perennial low-growing shrub. In spring, its leaves burst forth with a kaleidoscopic mix of red, green, and white coloration. The name “chameleon” references the plant’s colorful nature. In summer, beautiful white flowers with bristle-like centers bloom. Chameleon plant is common in Vietnamese and Chinese cuisine.

Annual ragweed

Annual ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) is one of the most notorious weeds in the world. It is an annual herbaceous plant with highly allergenic pollen and a very vigorous spread. Annual ragweed is a very competitive species, which is why its presence in cultivated plants is highly undesirable.

Oriental bittersweet

Celastrus orbiculatus is a vine that grows and spreads aggressively and has been deemed an invasive species in many areas. Oriental bittersweet is an opportunistic climber and climbs any available tree or structure. The vine wraps around itself as it climbs, and has been known to completely strangle or girdle a mature host tree.

Japanese knotweed

Hearing the name of Japanese knotweed can strike fear in the heart of homeowners. When this aggressive and invasive weed is identified on a property, mortgage lenders sometimes deny loans or demand extensive chemical treatment. This is due to the fact that the root system of Japanese knotweed is so extensive that once established, it can be nearly impossible to eradicate.

A Guide for Watering Houseplants

Keeping indoor plants healthy requires learning how to water well—too much, and you might stress them out. Learn how to tell when indoor plants need more water and the best strategies to keep them healthy and hydrated.

When it comes to keeping your indoor plants alive, how you water them needs to be a key consideration.

Unlike plants in the natural world, those kept indoors will never get rained on. This means, as caretaker, that you are solely responsible for controlling their environment to help them thrive. However, knowing the watering needs of houseplants can get challenging, and many plant owners err on the side of providing too much or too little.

Here’s a guide to watering houseplants to help you keep yours healthy and thriving.

The Challenge of Watering Indoor Plants

When it comes to water needs, indoor plants are far from one-size-fits-all. Each plant’s water requirements depend on various factors, from its light exposure to the location in your house and the kind of material it is planted in.

For example, succulents need minimal water and quickly rot when given too much, while many tropical ferns struggle to grow if their foliage isn’t continuously moist. Plants in hanging baskets dry out far faster than those on the ground, and many indoor plants spend part of the year in a dormant phase that changes their water needs considerably.

In other words, if you want to figure out a watering strategy for your houseplants, you need to do the research to understand each variety’s specific requirements so you can best meet their needs.

How to Tell When Indoor Plants Need Water

The first step for watering houseplants is knowing when they need water to begin with. The easiest method is to gauge the soil’s moisture level. Stick your index finger into the potting soil about one inch (2 cm) down. If the dirt feels dry to the touch, the plant likely needs more water.

It’s also possible to lift the pot to feel whether it seems heavy from wet soil or light and dried out. This works best if you first get a sense of how hefty the pot is immediately after watering.

Note that browning leaves and a drooping demeanor aren’t reliable signs that a plant needs water. Sometimes, these same symptoms occur when a plant is overwatered, and the roots are struggling to pull in enough oxygen.

Should You Water Houseplants From the Bottom?

While watering cans are the standard way to water houseplants, another method is to water pots from the bottom. This keeps plant roots hydrated without hurting their foliage above.

First, make sure your plant is in a pot with drainage holes along the bottom. Set it on a saucer with a tall lip or any container large enough to hold the potted plant. Fill this container partway with water and place the pot in the middle.

Let it sit for at least ten minutes before touching the top of the soil. If it feels wet, the plant’s roots successfully drew up the moisture. If not, let it sit longer. Either way, make sure you move it or drain the container within an hour to ensure the roots won’t rot from sitting in water too long.

Note: Bottom watering won’t remove excess salts from the soil like top watering will. You can solve this problem by watering your houseplants from above at least once a month.

Ten Troubleshooting Tips to Water Indoor Plants Successfully

Don’t let your houseplants run into problems. Here are some proven strategies to ensure you water your indoor plants well.

1. Only Use Tepid Water

Hot or cold water straight from the tap will shock plant roots and potentially stunt them. Take your cue from rainwater and only use room temperature water for your houseplants.

2. Water Around the Whole Pot

Novice plant keepers often err by watering their plants in just one spot, which can starve half the roots of water in the long run. Take care to pour water around the whole pot so each part of the plant stays hydrated.

3. Avoid Using Treated Water

The water from your tap can include various additives, including chlorine, fluoride, and salts (if it’s softened). These compounds can affect plant health over time. Your best option is to water houseplants with filtered water, collected rainwater, or untreated well water.

4. Water Deeply and Less Frequently

As with outdoor plants, frequent light waterings encourages houseplants to develop shallow roots and makes them extra sensitive to any drought periods. You’ll promote better root growth in the long run by watering deeply and less often.

5. Choose the Right Sized Pot

One common mistake houseplant owners make is choosing pots based on their styling instead of size. Smaller pots dry out more quickly, which will stress the plant inside. Make sure you purchase the correct sized pot for your plant and scale up as it grows.

6. Pay Attention to Light Exposure

Even indoor light leads to evaporation, which means that houseplants that spend their time in bright spaces need more water than those in low-light conditions. Note whether your plant is drying out faster on sunnier days and water accordingly.

7. Water Soil, Not Foliage

One of the easiest ways to spread disease is by keeping plant leaves warm and wet, as it creates an ideal breeding ground for bacterial pathogens and fungal spores. A better choice is to use a watering can with a long spout to wet the soil directly so the foliage stays dry.

8. Track Humidity

Some plants, especially tropical varieties, require that their leaves and foliage stay relatively moist. This means you’ll need to mist them regularly to promote optimal growth. Consider keeping these plants somewhere with a relatively high moisture content, such as near a humidifier or in a steamy bathroom.

9. Consider the Seasons

Even indoor plants go through seasons of growth. They will require more water during flowering stages, but far less once they start conserving energy for colder months. Note what stage your plant is in and change your watering schedule to fit it.

10. Repot When Waterlogged

You may find that your plant’s soil never seems to dry out, no matter how carefully you water it. This might be due to overly compacted soil or clogged drainage holes that trap the water near the plant roots. Consider replanting stressed plants in fresh soil and a bigger pot with clear drainage holes.

Watering indoor plants doesn’t need to be stressful. So long as you take the time to research the water needs of what you’re growing, you can provide houseplants with the healthy environment they need to thrive.

Zodiac Flowers: Cancer

Being a Cancer means that you love your home. Follow our easy guide and consider growing these four birth flowers in your garden!

Born between June 21 and July 22? You’re a Cancer! The 4th sign of the zodiac begins on the Summer Solstice, and is ruled by the moon and water. Nothing can grow without water. It’s tangible and yet fluid and adaptable, coming together and pulling apart.

Cancer is all about the home. You love putting down roots, and you take great pleasure in the comforts of home and family. You lean more towards contemplation and inner awareness, empathising well with other people while also protecting yourself and loved ones. Once you open up, people feel like they can confide in you about anything. Without grounding, though, you become fearful and reclusive or absorb toxic emotions from the world around you.

Here are 4 Cancer birth flowers and their meanings!

White Rose for Homemaking

Like Cancers, white roses are delicate and universally adored. Being delicate is not a bad thing! The white rose is even more beautiful for its delicate white petals. Your delicateness comes from your empathy and it’s this quality that draws people to you and makes them feel comfortable.

White roses are also associated with marriages and new beginnings, the start of a new home and a new or burgeoning family. Like being delicate, homemaking has become maligned in popular culture, but it’s a valuable vocation. You build a safe space for your loved ones to thrive (and yourself, don’t forget that you need cherishing too). White roses are also the sort of gift that says “I’m thinking of you”, especially after a loss, the kind of thoughtful gesture you’re well known for.

Roses may be delicate, but they’re a lot easier to grow than people think. (Unless you want to compete in floral shows, but as a Cancer, you’re probably more happy to create a cosy garden for your family). Snowdrift is a hardy, easy to grow rose with classic, fragrant rose blossoms.

As a bouquet, you can have just white roses with baby’s breath for contrast, or mix with other roses.

Water Lily for Introspection

Water lilies are sometimes mistaken as lotuses, although they’re actually two different species, but they both have similar meanings. After a water lily flower is pollinated, the flower recedes beneath the water where seeds form. The seeds float to the surface to drift to their new home. Like water lilies, Cancers often need to retreat into the comfort of their homes to restore their energies before pushing back out into the world with fresh energy.

Water is also often a symbol of going deeply within oneself, going below the surface waves into the steadier water. As a Cancer, you may be very familiar with this meditation imagery!

Like you create a comfortable home for your family, water lilies shade and cool the water for the fish and frogs living in the pond. They also deter algae from growing, helping turn a murky pond into an inviting place.

A pond is an ideal place to grow water lilies, but you can also grow them in stock tanks or tubs on your patio. They may seem difficult to grow, but they’re actually quite dependable and easy to plant. (Kind of like a Cancer, right?)

Geranium for Housewarming

Because geraniums grow throughout the world, the geranium has different meanings, but are usually associated with positive and protective emotions (except for Victorians, but let’s forget about them). They share these traits with Cancer.

We often give geraniums as housewarming presents to delight and cheer up the new residents all year long. They’re also used in botanical remedies for healing.

As for colours, red geraniums are protective flowers. In folklore, people planted them next to the door to warn of approaching strangers. They also symbolize good health. White geraniums were believed to repel snakes.

To add cheer to your home, plant geraniums in garden beds, window boxes or containers. Geraniums encompass many unique varieties, so find the one that appeals most to you.

Morning Glories for Holding On

Because morning glory flowers bloom and die on the same day, they represent mortality and the finiteness of life, which, if you’re a Cancer, you’ve probably done some thinking about. But despite the finiteness of life, the morning glory keeps climbing its trellis, keeps blossoming, day after day throughout the whole growing season. Just as you keep growing.

Once you love, dear Cancers, you hold on to them, like the morning glory climbs and reaches across open spaces. And like Cancers firmly root in their homes, morning glories also firmly root where they grow. If you try to remove one, they can regrow from any section of their root left behind.

If you plan to bring morning glories into your garden, plant them in containers as they can spread quite fast, suffocating other plants, and they’re difficult to remove (which is a growing note, not a reflection on you!).

Since the blooms have such a short lifespan, cut them and enjoy them in a bouquet on that same day. Keep as much of the stem as possible so the morning glory doesn’t sink as they sit in a vase.

Not a fan of these four choices? You’re in luck. White flowers of any species can also represent Cancer.

Zodiac Flowers: Gemini

Did you know that there are 4 Gemini birth flowers? Lavender for charisma, lily of the valley for openness…read on to learn all about these flowers and how to grow them if you’re a Gemini!

If you were born between May 22 and June 21, then you’re a Gemini. Gemini is represented by the twins, ruled over by the planet Mercury, and represents the element of air.

Geminis are excellent at gathering information, making social connections, and exploring the world with childlike wonder and curiosity. You’re likely to be quite talkative and pick up languages and social customs with ease. But because you adapt so well, others may feel that they never know who you actually are. Is what they see really you or what you’re pretending to be? You may contribute to this problem by being evasive.

Here are 4 Gemini birth flowers and their meanings!

Lily of the Valley for Openness

Lily of the Valley symbolises simplicity, innocence, and openness, like seeing the world with child-like curiosity or nurturing your beginner’s mind. This describes the strength of Geminis to a tee. When you’re able to see like a beginner, you can expand your horizons beyond what you thought was possible.

In the language of flowers, Lily of the Valley means a return to happiness or humility. With your gift with people and ability to learn and adapt, you could become quite arrogant — but that’s unlikely to make you any friends. Use Lily of the Valley as a reminder to keep some humility along with pride in your abilities.

To grow this reminder in your garden, you don’t actually need much. They love partial shade and moist soil, but get along with full sun to full shade, or even dry. Plant in the late fall.

As all parts are toxic when ingested, take care when using it as a floral arrangement around pets and children. They’re a pretty adaptable flower, working well with many other flowers or as a simple arrangement on its own.

Lavender For Charisma

You never see one lavender flower alone. Even one stem contains many flowers, and a lavender plant keeps growing more stems. Like lavender, you’re rarely alone as you’re great at making friends. You’re both full of charisma and charm. There’s nothing that says “I got to go there” like a lavender field at sunset.

Representing silence and serenity, this flower also reminds you that even though you love being surrounded by friends or studying the world, you still need time to relax by yourself. Once you’ve rested and given your mind time to process, you’ll be even better at your pursuits.

To bring lavender into your garden, pick up seedlings from a garden centre or challenge yourself by growing them from seed (the difficulty may appeal to you as a Gemini). If you have mild winters, you can plant them directly into a garden bed, but they also thrive in containers.

As a cut flower, you can either use fresh lavender flowers or dry them for a bouquet that will last for years.

Daffodil for Hope

Like Lily of the Valley, daffodils represent rebirth and new beginnings as its one of the first perennials to bloom in the spring. It symbolises your beginner’s mind and the childlike wonder and curiosity you have as a Gemini when facing the world.

Their bright white, cheery yellow, and orange hues brighten up the garden wherever you go, just as you brighten up your friends’ day.

In China, they’re believed to bring good luck and prosperity. Cancer research organisations use the yellow daffodil as a symbol of hope to find cures. (The ability to learn quickly, taking a fresh look, and processing that information into real-world uses would certainly come in handy for that.) There’s even a variety called Gemini Girl!

To bring cheer and good luck to your garden, plant these perennial bulbs in the fall in clusters. When winter passes, they’ll pop right up.

Plant one of these 4 Gemini birth flowers for yourself or brighten up your favourite Gemini’s day with a bouquet.

Chrysanthemum for Cherishing

As a Gemini, you’re great at making friends and talking with a lot of different people. And while some may claim that having too many friends means those relationships must be superficial, that doesn’t have to be true. Chrysanthemums represent long-lasting and truly meaningful friendship.

Chrysanthemums also represent positive energy. Giving a bouquet of chrysanthemums will cheer up a despondent friend. Likewise, Gemini are full of childlike joy and delight, seeing the wonder in everyday minutia and bringing joy and ease to relationships. In North America, they represent longevity and love, and are a great flower to give friends suffering or recovering from illness.

To bring this cheerful energy to your garden, either start them indoors during the winter or direct sow in mid-September to October. In mild climates, with a little winter insulation, they will come back year after year.

For a bouquet, you can go with just chrysanthemums or match them with roses and lilies, or other large flowers.

Our Favorite Prunus Trees That Bloom in Spring

The trees of the Prunus genus are an exciting bunch. They cover the full range of the world’s plums, cherries, apricots, and even almonds. But not only do these trees produce delicious fruits, they also generate gorgeous springtime blooms and extremely useful lumber. Come learn more about these fantastic trees!

Cherry plum

Cherry plum ( Prunus cerasifera ) is a deciduous small tree or a shrub native to Southern Europe and Western Asia. It is one of the most common wild fruits of its native region, producing numerous, rounded, yellow, red, or burgundy-colored, sweet, juicy fruit in summer and autumn. Cherry plum is also used as an ornamental tree, and as rootstock for other Prunus species.

Bird cherry

Bird cherry (Prunus padus) is a small deciduous cherry tree in the subgenus Padus. This species is native to Europe, where it is also known as the Mayday tree because of its historical importance in spring (May Day) festivals. The Bird cherry is pollinated by bees and flies. The leaves, stems, and fruits of this species can be toxic to some mammals. In the past, the bark of this tree was traditionally placed near doorways as a spiritual gesture to ward off the plague.

Sweet cherry

Sweet cherry is a well-known species to fruit lovers worldwide. This stone fruit varies in flavor from sweet to tart, depending on the specific cultivar. Sweet cherry is also used for lumber and is a preferred wood type for furniture.

Japanese cherry

The blossoms of the Japanese cherry are the national flower of Japan and are a herald of the spring season worldwide. In Japan, a traditional picnic to view these lovely blossoms is a yearly tradition for many. The sweet scent of blossoms is one of the most popular choices for perfume.

Peach

Peach is native to Northwest China. China, Spain, and Italy are the top three producers of peaches world-wide. The peach is also the state fruit of Georgia. Peach production in the US in 2017 was valued at $599 million. The fruit has a yellow or white flesh, a sweet aroma, and a skin that is either velvety (peaches) or smooth (nectarines).

Flowering almond

A large ornamental shrub, the Flowering almond or Prunus triloba, bears prolific pale pink blossoms in the spring. This shrub responds well to pruning, which will help it retain its compact size. Its red fruits are attractive to a variety of wildlife.

Armenian plum

Armenian plum (Prunus armeniaca) is a fruit-bearing plant species native to Asia. Although the genus name, “Prunus,” means plum, the fruits of this tree are actually apricots. The seeds are occasionally used as substitutes for almonds because they share a similar shape and nutty taste. The Armenian plum has been cultivated by humans for centuries, and was even discovered in the remains of ancient Armenian settlements.

Winter-flowering cherry

Winter-flowering cherry, as its name suggests, it blooms around the spring equinox week which is earlier than Yoshino cherry. The flower appears to be pale red to white with five single-flowered petals. This cherry blossom is a species with very long life-span among cherry blossoms. Because of its many flowering properties, it is used as the female parent of many varieties. It is also called the mother tree of Yoshino cherry.

Fuji cherry

Fuji cherry has 5 single-flowered petals with the color from white to pale red. Unlike other species, flowers bloom downward. It’s not as big as a tree, even when its bigger size is 10 m tall. Interestingly, even when it’s about 1 m tall, it will still bloom. It seems to be pretty suitable to grow as a garden tree or bonsai because it has the characteristics of flowering and not growing up. It is very cold-resistant and can withstand a temperature of -20℃.