Keeping a Tree Healthy

This section will cover the high-level basics of keeping trees growing strong and healthy. Each of these topics is covered in more detail in its own section later, so if you need any more information beyond what’s covered here, use the index to find the corresponding article.

Sunlight

Trees are the tallest types of plants that exist, and part of the reason that they are so tall is for them to be able to access a lot of sunlight. The majority of tree species need at least six to eight hours of direct sun per day. There are a few types of trees that can grow in shady conditions, but you will get the best result by planting your trees in a location away from buildings or other trees that block the sun.

Water

Trees are adapted to their environments, so they have very different water needs depending on where the particular species originated. Some prefer dry conditions and are drought-tolerant, while others thrive in marshy land with occasional flooding. It is vital to assess the available moisture and choose a tree that can do well with the amount of natural moisture available through precipitation or groundwater; otherwise, you may end up having to water your tree constantly or having it die due to root rot.

Drainage

Aside from those trees that are suited for consistently moist areas, most trees’ root systems require soil that doesn’t hold too much water. You can gauge the drainage of your garden soil in various parts of your yard to see which areas drain well and which tend to remain soggy. A soil amendment such as compost or shredded leaves can be used to increase drainage around your trees.

Soil

Loamy soil works best for the majority of tree species, as it’s a balanced mix of sandy soil, clay soil, and silt soil. However, if your soil is not naturally loamy, you can still find a tree that is well-suited to your soil type.

Fertilizer

Ideally, your trees will not need any extra fertilizer because they will be able to access all their nutrients and minerals they need from the organic matter in the soil in your yard. However, if the soil does not naturally contain the required nutrients, fertilizer can be added to support the trees’ health.

Temperature

Check the USDA Hardiness Zone in your area and compare it to the guidance on the tree’s care instructions. It will be very difficult or even impossible to grow a tree successfully if the climate is not compatible with the tree species. This applies both to climates that are too hot and too cold.